Neuroprotection With Phenytoin in Optic Neuritis ClinicalTrials.gov, 20 Dec 2013 Accessed on 2 Apr 2014 from http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01451593.
Phenytoin protects spinal cord axons and preserves axonal conduction and neurological function in a model of neuroinflammation in vivo. Lo AC, Saab CY, Black JA, Waxman SG J Neurophysiol. 2003 Nov; 90(5):3566-71. Epub 2003 Aug 06. PMID: 12904334. Abstract
Late sodium channel openings underlying epileptiform activity are preferentially diminished by the anticonvulsant phenytoin. Segal MM, Douglas AF J Neurophysiol. 1997 Jun; 77(6):3021-34. PMID: 9212254. Abstract
Effects of phenytoin on the persistent Na+ current of mammalian CNS neurones. Chao TI, Alzheimer C Neuroreport. 1995 Sep 11; 6(13):1778-80. PMID: 8541480. Abstract
Pharmacological protection of CNS white matter during anoxia: actions of phenytoin, carbamazepine and diazepam. Fern R, Ransom BR, Stys PK, Waxman SG J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993 Sep; 266(3):1549-55. PMID: 8371157. Abstract
Sodium channels contribute to microglia/macrophage activation and function in EAE and MS. Craner MJ, Damarjian TG, Liu S, Hains BC, Lo AC, Black JA, Newcombe J, Cuzner LM, Waxman SG Glia. 2005 Jan 15; 49(2):220-9. PMID: 15390090. Abstract
Long-term protection of central axons with phenytoin in monophasic and chronic-relapsing EAE. Black JA, Liu S, Hains BC, Saab CY, Waxman SG Brain. 2006 Dec; 129(Pt 12):3196-208. Epub 2006 Aug 24. PMID: 16931536. Abstract
Exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis after withdrawal of phenytoin and carbamazepine. Black JA, Liu S, Carrithers M, Carrithers LM, Waxman SG Ann Neurol. 2007 Jul; 62(1):21-33. PMID: 17654737. Abstract
Substance Name: Phenytoin ChemIDplus Advanced, US National Laboratory of Medicine Accessed on 6 May 2014 from http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/57-41-0#names.
The little compound that could: how phenytoin changed drug discovery and development. Anderson RJ Mol Interv. 2009 Oct; 9(5):208-14. PMID: 19828826. Abstract
Parenteral Dilantin® US Food and Drug Administration, Oct 2011 Accessed on 6 May 2014 from http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/010151s036lbl.pdf.
PHENYTEK®* Capsules (extended phenytoin sodium capsules, USP) Mylan Accessed on 6 May 2014 from http://www.mylan.com/products/product-catalog/product-profile-page?id=9047a616-b9ab-4433-86cf-5d4763863a1a. Detailed information about Phenytek can be downloaded from this site.
Dilantin (phenytoin) Supplemental Approval Letter US Food and Drug Administration, 17 Jan 2011 Accessed on 7 May 2014 from http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/appletter/2011/008762s038ltr.pdf.
Phenytoin protects central axons in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Black JA, Waxman SG J Neurol Sci. 2008 Nov 15; 274(1-2):57-63. Epub 2008 May 15. PMID: 18485368. Abstract
Tapered withdrawal of phenytoin removes protective effect in EAE without inflammatory rebound and mortality. Liu S, Zwinger P, Black JA, Waxman SG J Neurol Sci. 2014 Mar 19. PMID: 24690348. Abstract
Phenytoin: an old but effective antiarrhythmic agent for the suppression of ventricular tachycardia. Wang LW, Subbiah RN, Kilborn MJ, Dunn RF Med J Aust. 2013 Aug 5; 199(3):209-11. PMID: 23909546. Abstract
Phenytoin (Dilantin) and acupuncture therapy in the treatment of intractable oral and facial pain. Lu DP, Lu WI, Lu GP Acupunct Electrother Res. 2011; 36(1-2):65-84. PMID: 21830351. Abstract
Dilantin National Multiple Sclerosis Society Accessed on 7 May 2014 from http://www.nationalmssociety.org/Treating-MS/Medications/Dilantin.
Seizure Drug May Help in MS Eye Disease Fiore K, MedPage Today, 16 Apr 2015 Accessed on 21 Apr 2015 from http://www.medpagetoday.com/MeetingCoverage/AAN/51034.
Phenytoin for neuroprotection in patients with acute optic neuritis: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Raftopoulos R, Hickman SJ, Toosy A, Sharrack B, Mallik S, Paling D, Altmann DR, Yiannakas MC, Malladi P, Sheridan R, et al. Lancet Neurol. 2016 Jan 25. PMID: 26822749. Abstract