Refined descriptors for the course of MS, replacing those in use since 1996, are intended to make communication with patients clearer and to enhance the design and conduct of clinical trials

A study using ultrahigh-field MRI found identical brain lesions in primary progressive and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Is the gut as interesting as the brain? Researchers probing the ecosystem of the human gut microbiome have identified organisms that are enriched or depleted in MS patients, possibly yielding clues about pathogenic mechanisms. Meanwhile, introducing a nonhuman pathogen into the gut is being investigated as a possible treatment approach.

Widely touted in multiple sclerosis patient communities, low-dose naltrexone does appear to improve disease scores in about half of mice with an experimentally induced version of MS. Researchers found a similar pattern of results with met-enkephalin.